![\"kirmizigul\"](\"http:\/\/islamidavet.com\/asura\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/kirmizigul.jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Bu yaz\u0131 Hz.Fat\u0131ma Masume\u2019nin \u015eehadeti dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Hz.Masume(as) isimli kitaptan iktibas edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Cafer Sad\u0131k (a.s) b\u00f6yle bir hatunun d\u00fcnyaya gelece\u011fini m\u00fcjdeledi\u011fi i\u00e7in Ehl-i Beyt h\u00e2nedan\u0131nda uzun s\u00fcredir bir bekleyi\u015f vard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu y\u00fczden Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin d\u00fcnyaya geldi\u011fi bug\u00fcn, Necme hatun ve \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) i\u00e7in \u00e7ok mutlu bir g\u00fcnd\u00fc. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc imamet ve velayet evinde bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015fti. Parlak simas\u0131yla kalpleri ok\u015fuyor, g\u00f6zleri ayd\u0131nlat\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin \u00d6l\u00fcm Tarihi<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin Hicr\u00ee 201 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kum kentinde vefat etti\u011fini yazan kaynaklar \u00e7oktur.[178] Nitekim, Harem\u2019i \u00e7evreleyen duvarlardaki yaz\u0131tlardan elde edilen bilgilerden de bu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak, yine de, vefat etti\u011fi g\u00fcn ve ay konusunda ihtilaf vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 kaynaklara g\u00f6re 10 Rebiy\u00fclah\u0131r,[179] baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re 12 Rebiy\u00fclah\u0131r,[180] baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re de 8 \u015eaban\u2019da vefat etmi\u015ftir.[181]<\/p>\n
Ama bir k\u0131s\u0131m b\u00fcy\u00fckler, birinci ve ikinci g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc birle\u015ftirerek (10,11 ve 12 Rebiy\u00fclah\u0131r) bu g\u00fcnleri, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin vefat g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak belirlemi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
Son y\u0131llarda Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019yi anma g\u00fcnleri olarak taziye merasimleri d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f, bu merasimler matem g\u00fcnleri olarak gelenekselle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn, k\u0131saca \u201cM\u00e2su-miye G\u00fcnleri\u201d diye an\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yukar\u0131da belirtilen kaynaklardan da anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere Hz. M\u00e2sume (s.a) vefat etti\u011finde 28 ya\u015flar\u0131ndayd\u0131 (173-201). Ancak halk aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak bilinen 18-23 ya\u015flar\u0131nda vefat etti\u011fi haberi, sa\u011flam bir kayna\u011fa dayanmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume Ni\u00e7in Evlenmemi\u015ftir?<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume konusunda kesin olarak bilinen \u015feylerden biri de o hatunun evlenmemi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durumda \u015f\u00f6yle bir soru akla gelebilir:<\/p>\n
Evlilik, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nemle \u00fczerinde durdu\u011fu s\u00fcnnetlerden biri olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Hz. M\u00e2sume ni\u00e7in evlenmemi\u015ftir? Nitekim, Hz. Peygamber (s.a.a) \u015f\u00f6yle buyuruyor:<\/p>\n
\u201c\u0130slam\u2019da Allah kat\u0131nda evlilik m\u00fcessesesi kadar daha sevimli ve daha sayg\u0131n bir m\u00fcessese yoktur.\u201d[182]<\/p>\n
Ve yine buyurmu\u015ftur ki:<\/p>\n
\u201cEvlilik benim s\u00fcnnetimdendir, s\u00fcnnetimden y\u00fcz \u00e7eviren ise benden de\u011fildir.\u201d[183]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Muhammed B\u00e2k\u0131r\u2019\u0131n (a.s) d\u00f6neminde bir kad\u0131n fazilet ve takva elde etmek i\u00e7in evlenmiyordu. \u0130mam (a.s) ona \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: \u201cE\u011fer evlenmemekle bir fazilet elde edilseydi Hz. Fat\u0131ma senden daha lay\u0131kt\u0131. Ahlak\u00ee faziletleri kazanmak i\u00e7in evlenmezdi. Zira kemal ve \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckte hi\u00e7bir kad\u0131n Hz. Fat\u0131ma\u2019dan \u00f6ne ge\u00e7memi\u015ftir.\u201d[184]<\/p>\n
Cevap:<\/p>\n
Bu soruya cevap olarak iki konu g\u00f6sterilir:<\/p>\n
1- \u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) k\u0131zlar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle Hz. M\u00e2sume (s.a), \u00e7ok y\u00fcce bir kemale sahip olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in kendilerine uygun bir e\u015f bulamam\u0131\u015f ve bu y\u00fczden evlenmemi\u015flerdir. \u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m (a.s) onlara, karde\u015fleri \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc alarak evlenmelerini tavsiye etmi\u015fti.[185] Bu tavsiye ve di\u011fer alametlerden anla\u015f\u0131lan \u015fudur ki, Ehl-i Beyt h\u00e2nedan\u0131na mensup b\u00f6ylesi y\u00fcce han\u0131mefendilere uygun e\u015fler bulunmas\u0131 gerekirdi.<\/p>\n
Nitekim, Hz. Fat\u0131ma Zehra hakk\u0131nda \u0130mam Cafer Sad\u0131k (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: \u201cE\u011fer Allah Ali\u2019yi Fat\u0131ma i\u00e7in yaratmasayd\u0131, Hz. Adem ve ondan \u00f6teye Hz. Fat\u0131ma (a.s) i\u00e7in uygun bir e\u015f bulunmazd\u0131.\u201d[186]<\/p>\n
2- Harun Re\u015fid\u2019in yo\u011fun bask\u0131s\u0131 ve \u015fiddet uygulamalar\u0131 neticesinde kimse \u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) k\u0131zlar\u0131yla evlenmeye ve o hazrete damat olmaya c\u00fcret edemiyordu. Zira \u0130mam\u2019a damat olmak, o kimse i\u00e7in hayat\u00ee bir tehlike say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu nedenle gerek Hz. M\u00e2sume, gerekse baz\u0131 k\u0131z karde\u015fleri evlenmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u015eunu da belirtmek gerekir ki, \u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) hapiste olmas\u0131 ve \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) gelecekten haberdar olmas\u0131, yani, babas\u0131n\u0131n hapiste \u015fehit edili\u015fini ve kendisinin Horasan\u2019a zorunlu olarak hicret edece\u011fini bilmesi neticesinde [ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu olaylardan haberdar olan Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin, evlendi\u011fi takdirde gurbette olacak karde\u015finin yan\u0131nda olamayaca\u011f\u0131 endi\u015fesiyle] evlenmedi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin Hicaz\u2019dan \u0130ran\u2019a Hicreti<\/p>\n
Memun, H. 200 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi say\u0131s\u0131z mektuplarla \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131 (a.s) Horasan\u2019a davet etti. \u0130mam da, istemeyerek de olsa bu daveti kabul etmek zorunda kald\u0131. Memun\u2019un g\u00f6ndermi\u015f oldu\u011fu kervanla Horasan\u2019a geldi.<\/p>\n
Ertesi y\u0131l (H. 201), Hz. M\u00e2sume, karde\u015fi \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131 (a.s) ziyaret etme amac\u0131yla Horasan\u2019a hareket etti. Ancak, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin bu yolculu\u011fu, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte karde\u015fini ziyaret etmek i\u00e7in olsa da, ger\u00e7ekte \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) velayetini savunmak ve rehberli\u011fini takviye etmek i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlaml\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hicretti.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume, Horasan\u2019a do\u011fru ilerlerken S\u00e2ve\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131. S\u00e2ve\u2019den Kum\u2019a geli\u015fi hakk\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ancak bu konuda en sa\u011flam ve en iyi kaynak, IV. y\u00fczy\u0131lda yaz\u0131lan ve Merhum Allame Meclis\u00ee, Muhaddis Kumm\u00ee ve di\u011fer baz\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck alimlerin ad\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenle s\u00f6z ettikleri Hasan b. Muhammed\u2019in Tarih-i Kadim-i Kum adl\u0131 kitab\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Allame Meclis\u00ee Biharu\u2019l-Envar\u2019da, Muhaddis Kumm\u00ee Sefinetu\u2019l-Bihar\u2019da[187] bu konuyla ilgili olarak Hasan b. Muhammed\u2019in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klarlar:<\/p>\n
\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s), Memun\u2019un daveti \u00fczerine H. 200 y\u0131l\u0131nda Medine\u2019den Horasan\u2019a gitti. Hz. M\u00e2sume de, karde\u015fini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in H. 201 y\u0131l\u0131nda Medine\u2019den Horasan\u2019a do\u011fru hareket etti. (Bu uzun yolculukta Hz. M\u00e2sume, karde\u015flerinden ve hizmet\u00e7ilerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da yan\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.) S\u00e2ve\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda Hz. M\u00e2sume hastaland\u0131. Yan\u0131ndakilere Kum\u2019a ne kadar yol kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu. On fersahl\u0131k yollar\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylediler. Bunun \u00fczerine hizmet\u00e7isine Kum\u2019a do\u011fru hareket etmelerini emretti. B\u00f6ylece Kum\u2019a geldiler. \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) ashab\u0131ndan Musa b. Hazrec b. Saad E\u015f\u2019ar\u00ee\u2019nin evinde misafir oldular.<\/p>\n
Ancak, daha do\u011fru olan rivayet \u015fudur: Hz. Fat\u0131ma M\u00e2sume\u2019nin Kum\u2019a geldi\u011fi haberi Saad ailesine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hep birlikte onu kar\u015f\u0131lamaya ve Kum\u2019da kalmas\u0131 i\u00e7in davet etmeye gittiler. Musa b. Hazrec, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin kervan\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131. Y\u00fcce han\u0131mefendinin devesinin dizginini tutarak Kum\u2019a getirdi ve Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019yi kendi evinde a\u011f\u0131rlad\u0131. Ne var ki, 16 veya 17 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7memi\u015fti ki Hz. M\u00e2sume d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6zlerini kapad\u0131 ve Saad ailesini yasa bo\u011fdu.<\/p>\n
Evet, Hz. M\u00e2sume, b\u00fcy\u00fck ac\u0131lar \u00e7ekti. Babas\u0131n\u0131 ve karde\u015fini g\u00f6rmeyi \u00e7ok arzu etmesine ra\u011fmen bu arzusuna ula\u015famad\u0131. H\u00fcz\u00fcnlerle dolu bir hayat\u0131n ard\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyaya veda etti.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume, Kum\u2019da bulundu\u011fu m\u00fcddet\u00e7e karde\u015finin hicran\u0131na duydu\u011fu h\u00fcz\u00fcnle a\u011fl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
Musa b. Hazrec\u2019in evinde ibadet i\u00e7in ayr\u0131lan \u00f6zel bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm vard\u0131. Bu yer, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar muhafaza edilmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn, \u00fczerine talebelerin kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yurtlar in\u015fa edilen bu binan\u0131n hemen yan\u0131nda g\u00f6rkemli bir mescit vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Buras\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kum\u2019un Meydan-\u0131 Mir semtinde yer alan Medrese-i Settiye[188] ad\u0131yla bilinir.[189]
\nDi\u011fer Bir Rivayete G\u00f6re Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin Kum\u2019a Geli\u015fi<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Musa Kaz\u0131m (a.s) hapse at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda o\u011flu \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fczerine almas\u0131n\u0131, k\u0131zlar\u0131na da daima karde\u015fleri \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) itaat etmelerini vasiyet etti.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume, babas\u0131 \u015fehit edildi\u011finde (H. 183) hen\u00fcz on ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. \u00c7ocuklu\u011funun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc (hapiste olan) babas\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131l\u0131k ac\u0131s\u0131yla ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n
Babas\u0131 hapiste oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in a\u011fabeyi \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) terbiyesi alt\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Tek dayana\u011f\u0131 olan karde\u015fi zorunlu olarak Horasan\u2019a gitti\u011finde, Medine\u2019de bir y\u0131l karde\u015finden uzak ya\u015fad\u0131. Ama onun bu hicran\u0131na dayanam\u0131yordu. Sonunda, Horasan\u2019a gitmeye karar verdi. Bir k\u0131s\u0131m yak\u0131nlar\u0131yla Medine\u2019den ayr\u0131larak Horasan\u2019a do\u011fru hareket etti. Ancak S\u00e2ve\u2019ye vard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hastaland\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131lar\u0131, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda \u015f\u00f6yle yazarlar:<\/p>\n
S\u00e2ve halk\u0131, o d\u00f6nemlerde Peygamber h\u00e2nedan\u0131na kat\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131klar\u0131yla tan\u0131n\u0131rlard\u0131. Bu nedenle Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin kervan\u0131 S\u00e2ve\u2019ye vard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda S\u00e2veliler kervana h\u00fccum etti. \u00c7ok \u015fiddetli bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada Hz. M\u00e2sume-\u2018nin karde\u015fleri ve ye\u011fenleri \u015fehit oldular. Hz. M\u00e2sume, t\u0131pk\u0131 (Kerbela kahraman\u0131) halas\u0131 Hz. Zeynep gibi, onlar\u0131n parampar\u00e7a bedenlerini g\u00f6r\u00fcnce (23 ki\u015fiydiler) \u00e7ok \u00fcz\u00fcld\u00fc ve bu \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcyle hastaland\u0131.[190] Daha sonra Kum\u2019a hareket etti. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 burada da s\u00fcrd\u00fc ve 16-17 g\u00fcn sonra vefat etti.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fka bir rivayete g\u00f6re; Harun b. Musa b. Cafer (a.s), k\u0131z karde\u015fi Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin de i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu 23 ki\u015fiyle birlikte kervan h\u00e2linde S\u00e2ve\u2019ye girdi. Ehl-i Beyt d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131, Harun yemek yedi\u011fi bir s\u0131rada ona sald\u0131rd\u0131lar ve \u015fehit ettiler. Kervan\u0131n di\u011fer fertleri ise olaydan yara alarak kurtuldu.<\/p>\n
Bir rivayete g\u00f6re; Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin yeme\u011fine zehir d\u00f6kt\u00fcler.[191] O y\u00fcce h\u00e2tun bu yemekle zehirlenerek hastaland\u0131. \u00c7ok ge\u00e7meden Kum\u2019da \u015fehit oldu.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n nakline g\u00f6re ise, Hz. M\u00e2sume S\u00e2veli bir kad\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan zehirlemi\u015ftir.[192]<\/p>\n
Hicran Ac\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n
Hicr\u00ee 201 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s)\u2019\u0131n \u015fehadetinden yakla\u015f\u0131k iki y\u0131l \u00f6nce (H. 203) ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bu olay, \u0130mam i\u00e7in ikinci bir musibet say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Karde\u015fine kavu\u015fma arzusuyla uzun yollar kat eden ancak, yar\u0131 yolda, t\u00fcm sevdiklerinden uzakta mazlumca \u015fehit olan k\u0131z karde\u015finin ac\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131 bu.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin elim \u015fehadeti, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) y\u00fcre\u011fini derinden yaralam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6te yandan Hz. M\u00e2sume, ayr\u0131l\u0131k ate\u015fiyle yanan kalbini vuslata d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrememenin verdi\u011fi h\u00fcz\u00fcnle, karde\u015fiyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015febilme \u00fcmidiyle, g\u00f6z ya\u015flar\u0131yla \u015fehit olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Asr\u0131m\u0131z \u015fairlerinden Hisan, bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n
Tus beldesine gitmek i\u00e7in gelmi\u015fti Medine\u2019den<\/p>\n
Yorgun bir yolcuydu M\u00e2sume<\/p>\n
Karde\u015fini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131kageldi ama<\/p>\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcnceye dek dili hep duadayd\u0131 M\u00e2sume<\/p>\n
Gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz a\u015fk ile \u00e7\u00f6llerde dola\u015ft\u0131<\/p>\n
Vefal\u0131 bir k\u0131z karde\u015fti M\u00e2sume [193]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s), \u015fehadetinde, t\u0131pk\u0131 yeg\u00e2ne evlad\u0131 \u0130mam Cevad\u2019\u0131 (a.s) y\u00e2d etti\u011fi gibi muhtemelen Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019yi de y\u00e2t etmi\u015f olacak ki, \u015fair \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n
Gurbette \u00f6l\u00fcyorum ama ailem ba\u015fucumda de\u011fil<\/p>\n
Yaz\u0131k ki M\u00e2sume\u2019nin y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6remedim<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcre\u011fim onun hasretiyle y\u00fcz kere par\u00e7aland\u0131<\/p>\n
Ne var ki mahbubun y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc gene g\u00f6remedim<\/p>\n
Merhum Muhakkik Karan\u00ee de bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle bir \u015fiir okumu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n
O kadar bekledim ki sa\u00e7lar\u0131m a\u011fard\u0131<\/p>\n
G\u00f6z ya\u015flar\u0131m y\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc yaralad\u0131, a\u011flad\u0131k\u00e7a<\/p>\n
Gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz babam\u0131n yolunu bekledim<\/p>\n
Ama nasip olmad\u0131 g\u00fcl y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc koklamak<\/p>\n
Ard\u0131ndan felek, karde\u015f hicran\u0131n\u0131 reva g\u00f6rd\u00fc bana<\/p>\n
Bir firak\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 daha y\u00fcz\u00fcme aralayarak<\/p>\n
G\u00fclistan hazan oldu; g\u00fcl, avucumdan koptu, gitti<\/p>\n
G\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fc nerde arayay\u0131m diye \u015fa\u015fk\u0131n\u0131m \u015fimdi<\/p>\n
Medine\u2019den Horasan\u2019a binlerce yol var<\/p>\n
Karde\u015fime varmak i\u00e7in sevin\u00e7le, h\u0131zla giderim<\/p>\n
Belki g\u00fcl y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc tekrar g\u00f6r\u00fcr<\/p>\n
Yitik Yusuf\u2019umun yan\u0131nda derdimi d\u00f6kerim[194]<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin Topra\u011fa Verilmesi<\/p>\n
Eskiden, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin t\u00fcrbesinin bulundu\u011fu yere Babl\u00e2n denirdi. O y\u00fcce h\u00e2tunun pak bedeni defnedilmeden \u00f6nce burada hi\u00e7bir bina yoktu. Alan, ayn\u0131 zamanda Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019ye ev sahipli\u011fi de yapm\u0131\u015f Musa b. Hazrec\u2019e aitti. Kum\u2019un \u00f6nde gelen isimlerinden biri olan Musa, bu topraklar\u0131 Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin defni i\u00e7in tahsis etti.<\/p>\n
Saad ailesi, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin pak bedenini topra\u011fa vermek \u00fczere bu alanda bir kuyu kazd\u0131. Gus\u00fcl ve kefen i\u015flemlerinden sonra n\u00e2\u015f\u0131 buraya getirildi. Ancak, cenazeyi kimin kuyuya yerle\u015ftirece\u011fi konusunda Saad ailesi aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Sonunda ya\u015fl\u0131, takval\u0131 ve salih biri olan Kadir adl\u0131 bir seyidin bu i\u015f i\u00e7in uygun olaca\u011f\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Seyit Kadir\u2019i bulup getirmek i\u00e7in yola koyulduklar\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6l taraf\u0131ndan gelmekte olan y\u00fczleri \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc iki atl\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131lar. Kim olduklar\u0131 bilinmeyen bu kimseler, atlar\u0131ndan inerek Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019ye cenaze namaz\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131lar. Daha sonra kuyuya inerek cenazeyi yerle\u015ftirdiler. \u0130\u015flerini tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra tekrar atlar\u0131na binerek oradan ayr\u0131ld\u0131lar. Y\u00fczleri \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kimse o iki z\u00e2t\u0131n kim oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenemedi.<\/p>\n
Daha sonra Musa b. Hazrec, mezar\u0131n \u00fczerine kam\u0131\u015flardan olu\u015fan bir g\u00f6lgelik yapt\u0131. IX. imam\u0131n [Muhammed Taki (a.s)] k\u0131z\u0131 Zeyneb, Kum\u2019a geldi\u011finde bu g\u00f6lgeli\u011fi kald\u0131rtarak yerine bir kubbe yapt\u0131rd\u0131.[195]<\/p>\n
Bir m\u00fcddet sonra \u0130mam Cevad\u2019\u0131n (a.s) torunu \u00dcmm\u00fc Muhammed vefat etti\u011finde cenazesi Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin mezar\u0131n\u0131n kenar\u0131na defnedildi. Bir s\u00fcre sonra da \u00dcmm\u00fc Muhammed\u2019in k\u0131z karde\u015fi Meym\u00fbne vefat etti. Onun da cenazesi Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin mezar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda topra\u011fa verildi.<\/p>\n
Bu iki h\u00e2tunun mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine ayr\u0131 bir kubbe yap\u0131ld\u0131. Daha sonralar\u0131 \u0130mam Cevad\u2019\u0131n (a.s) o\u011flu Musa\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Bureyhiye de vefat etti\u011finde onu da ayn\u0131 yerde topra\u011fa verdiler.[196]<\/p>\n
Merhum Muhaddis Kumm\u00ee, bu han\u0131mlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka han\u0131mlar\u0131n da Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin yan\u0131na defnedildiklerini yazar. \u0130mam Cevad\u2019\u0131n (a.s) k\u0131z\u0131 Zeyneb, Muhammed b. Musa Mubarka\u2019\u0131n (a.s) cariyesi \u00dcmm\u00fc \u0130shak ve Muhammed b. Ahmed b. Musa Mubarka\u2019\u0131n (a.s) cariyesi \u00dcmm\u00fc Habib, bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. [197]<\/p>\n
Buna g\u00f6re imamz\u00e2delerden alt\u0131 ki\u015fi, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin mezar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda defnedilmi\u015flerdir.[198]<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019yi ziyaret edenler, onlar\u0131 da y\u00e2d etmek isterlerse k\u0131saca \u015fu c\u00fcmlelerle ziyaret edebilirler:<\/p>\n
\u201cEsselamu aleykunne y\u00e2 ben\u00e2ti rasulillah, esselamu aleykunne ve rahmetullahi ve berek\u00e2tuh.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cSelam olsun size ey Peygamber k\u0131zlar\u0131! Allah\u2019\u0131n selam\u0131, rahmeti ve bereketi sizlere olsun.\u201d<\/p>\n
11 As\u0131r Sonra \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fcmeyen Bedenler<\/p>\n
Nasrettin \u015eah (\u00f6. 1313 H.) d\u00f6neminde, mucizev\u00ee baz\u0131 ilgin\u00e7 olaylar meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n
Merhum Ayetullah Hac\u0131 Aga H\u00fcseyin M\u00fc\u00e7tehid[199] der ki: Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin haremi mermer ta\u015flar\u0131yla d\u00f6\u015fenirken mezar\u0131n\u0131n ayak ucundan kuyuya do\u011fru bir delik a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Kuyunun tamire ihtiyac\u0131 olabilir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle, birka\u00e7 ki\u015finin kontrol amac\u0131yla kuyuya inmesi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu g\u00f6revi yerine getirmek amac\u0131yla iki salih ve imanl\u0131 han\u0131mefendi belirlendi. Han\u0131mlar, yanlar\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k alarak kuyuya indiler. Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin mezar\u0131n\u0131n o kuyuda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcler. Kuyu, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin mezar\u0131n\u0131n ayak ucundayd\u0131 ve i\u00e7inde adeta yeni hayata veda etmi\u015f \u00fc\u00e7 pak naa\u015f vard\u0131. Bunlardan biri (beyaz tenli) han\u0131mefendi, di\u011fer ikisi de siyah tenli cariyeler idi.[200]<\/p>\n
Tarih kitaplar\u0131ndan elde edilen bilgilere g\u00f6re, han\u0131mefendinin, \u0130mam Cevad\u2019\u0131n (a.s) o\u011flu Musa Mubarka\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Meym\u00fbne oldu\u011fu; cariyelerin de \u00dcmm\u00fc \u0130shak ile \u00dcmm\u00fc Habib olduklar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Evet, \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin \u00fczerinden 11 as\u0131r ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen m\u00fcbarek bedenleri hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015fti. Onlar, Peygamber efendimizin (s.a.a) s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn tecellileri idiler. Zira Resul-i Ekrem (s.a.a) bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftu: \u201cAllah, bizim etimizi yery\u00fcz\u00fcne haram k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yer, asla bizim etimizi yemez.\u201d[201]<\/p>\n
HZ. M\u00c2SUME\u2019N\u0130N FAZ\u0130LET\u0130<\/p>\n
Tan\u0131mak, dinin temelini olu\u015fturur. \u0130nanc\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa vurmak ve hakk\u0131 tan\u0131yarak iyi \u015feyler yapmak, inanca ve amele daha fazla de\u011fer verir.<\/p>\n
Nitekim, \u0130mam Ali de (a.s) bu konuda Kumeyl\u2019e \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: \u201cMarifete (hayr\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015ferrini bilmeye) ihtiya\u00e7 duymad\u0131\u011f\u0131n hi\u00e7bir hareket yoktur.\u201d[202]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s), k\u0131z karde\u015fi Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin t\u00fcrbesini ziyaret etmenin sevab\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015f: \u201cKim onu hakk\u0131yla (tan\u0131yarak) ziyaret ederse cenneti hak eder.\u201d[203]<\/p>\n
Yine, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019dan (a.s) nakledilen Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin ziyaret namesindeki \u015fu c\u00fcmle, dikkat \u00e7ekicidir:<\/p>\n
\u201cAllah\u2019tan dileriz ki, size olan marifetimizi (sizi hakk\u0131yla tan\u0131may\u0131) bizden almas\u0131n. \u015e\u00fcphesiz, Allah, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc velayet sahibidir.\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00fcm bu yaz\u0131lanlardan \u015fu sonuca var\u0131yoruz ki, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce imamlar\u0131 (a.s) ve Hz. M\u00e2sume gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fahsiyetleri hakk\u0131yla tan\u0131mak gerekir. Zira, sevap ve derece elde etmenin \u00f6z\u00fcnde de onlar\u0131 tan\u0131mak yatar.<\/p>\n
Burada, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019yi daha iyi tan\u0131mam\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak on \u00f6rnekle yetinece\u011fiz:<\/p>\n
1- Hz. Peygamber\u2019in (s.a.a) \u00d6z ve Manev\u00ee Evlad\u0131<\/p>\n
\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s)\u2019dan nakledilen Hz. M\u00e2sume Ziyaret-namesi\u2019nde \u0130mam (a.s), bu y\u00fcce b\u00e2nuyu \u015fu unvanlarla y\u00e2d etmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
Allah Resul\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn (s.a.a) k\u0131z\u0131, Fat\u0131ma ve Hatice\u2019nin (s.a) k\u0131z\u0131, M\u00fcminlerin Emiri Hz. Ali\u2019nin (a.s) k\u0131z\u0131, Hasan ve H\u00fcseyin\u2019in (a.s) k\u0131z\u0131, Allah\u2019\u0131n velisinin [\u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m (as.)] k\u0131z\u0131, Allah\u2019\u0131n velisinin [\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s)] k\u0131z karde\u015fi, Allah\u2019\u0131n velisinin [\u0130mam Cevad (a.s)] halas\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu tabirler, sadece neseb\u00ee y\u00fcceli\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in de\u011fildir. Aksine, bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u015funu da a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r ki, M\u00e2sume (s.a), manev\u00ee ve ilah\u00ee makam\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekten Hz. Peygamber\u2019in (s.a.a), Hz. Fat\u0131ma Zehra\u2019n\u0131n (s.a), Hz. Hatice\u2019nin ve masum imamlar\u0131n hem \u00f6z, hem de manev\u00ee k\u0131zlar\u0131yd\u0131.
\n2- Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin Pakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n
\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: \u201cHz. M\u00e2sume\u2019yi Kum\u2019da ziyaret eden, beni ziyaret etmi\u015f gibidir.\u201d[204]<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin pakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve y\u00fcce makam\u0131na dair bir \u00e7ok deliller vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) yukar\u0131daki s\u00f6z\u00fc, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin bu makama sahip oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan as\u0131l ismi, Fat\u0131ma K\u00fcbra\u2019d\u0131r. \u201cM\u00e2sume\u201d lakab\u0131n\u0131 ona veren \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) kendisidir. Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019yi ziyaret etmenin sevab\u0131 da \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131 (a.s) ziyaret etme sevab\u0131yla ayn\u0131 tutulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin pakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir di\u011fer g\u00f6stergesi ise rivayetlerde de ge\u00e7en y\u00fcz\u00fc \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc iki me\u00e7hul ki\u015finin gaipten gelerek onun cenazesini defnetmeleridir. Zira bize g\u00f6re, m\u00e2sumu ancak m\u00e2sum defnetmelidir. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir ihtimalle bu iki ki\u015fi, \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) ile \u0130mam Cevad (a.s) idi.<\/p>\n
Burada \u015f\u00f6yle bir soru akla gelebilir: Peygamberler ve on d\u00f6rt masumun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda acaba bu y\u00fcce makama sahip olan ba\u015fkalar\u0131 da var m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n
Cevap olarak \u015funu s\u00f6ylemeliyiz ki; ismet makam\u0131, pak ve temizli\u011fin m\u00e2nen en \u00fcst\u00fcn makam\u0131d\u0131r. Bu makam, iki k\u0131sma ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n
1- Hatadan masum.<\/p>\n
2- G\u00fcnahtan masum.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume, Hz. Zeyneb gibi, her ne kadar on d\u00f6rt masumun derecesinde olmasa da g\u00fcnahlardan masumdur. Zira on d\u00f6rt m\u00e2sum, g\u00fcnahtan masum oldu\u011fu gibi, hatadan da masumdur.<\/p>\n
Her hal\u00fck\u00e2rda n\u00fcb\u00fcvvet ve imamet bah\u00e7esinden de\u011ferli bir g\u00fcl olan Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin bereket dolu varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Kum i\u00e7in \u201cbedende bir ruh\u201d gibi olmu\u015f, manev\u00ee parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bu diyara ayr\u0131 bir de\u011fer katm\u0131\u015f ve gerek Kum\u2019a geli\u015fi, gerekse buradaki an\u0131lar\u0131, Kum\u2019un azametini daha da y\u00fcceltmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
O, pak bir s\u00fclale olan imamet ve velayet hazinesinden ve varl\u0131k aleminin sedeflerinden, her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn Kum\u2019un g\u00f6rkemini art\u0131ran paha bi\u00e7ilmez bir m\u00fccevherdir.<\/p>\n
\u015eeyh Zeki Ba\u011fban, me\u015fhur kasidesinde \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n
Kum, M\u00e2sume\u2019nin asaletiyle sefa buldu<\/p>\n
Berr\u00een cennetinin ba\u011f\u0131 gibi nurla doldu<\/p>\n
Padi\u015fahlar dahi derg\u00e2h\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131<\/p>\n
\u015e\u00fcphesiz, cennete gidilir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yoluyla<\/p>\n
G\u00fcnahk\u00e2r\u0131n na\u015f\u0131na Kum tozu konmaz.<\/p>\n
Ben de, na\u00e7izane, kendi \u00e7ap\u0131mda Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019ye itha-fen \u015f\u00f6yle bir \u015fiir yazd\u0131m:<\/p>\n
Ey Kum topra\u011f\u0131, sen et art\u0131k iftihar<\/p>\n
O kutlu cevherden ve o h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131ndan<\/p>\n
B\u00fct\u00fcn topraklara kar\u015f\u0131 izzet senindir<\/p>\n
Her dem, her lahza s\u00fcrur senindir<\/p>\n
S\u00f6yle g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne, \u00e7ekinme y\u0131ld\u0131zlardan<\/p>\n
Bende \u015feref y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131, parlak g\u00fcne\u015f var<\/p>\n
\u0130mam k\u0131z\u0131, \u0130mam karde\u015fine deri<\/p>\n
Hem \u0130mam halas\u0131, hem ismet yar\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n
\u015eia daim s\u0131dk ile hitap eder<\/p>\n
Mustafa ile Z\u00fclfik\u00e2r\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131na<\/p>\n
Ey ismet ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n biricik cevheri, \u015feref yakutu<\/p>\n
Sensin faziletlerin ve m\u00e2nan\u0131n memba\u0131<\/p>\n
Kap\u0131n\u0131n topra\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zbebe\u011fi oldu bize ve hep olacak<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcz\u00fcndeki \u015fefkat ise y\u00e2rin aynas\u0131, O\u2019nun an\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n
Sadakat ve iltica s\u0131rr\u0131yla melekler<\/p>\n
Saray\u0131nda sana sayg\u0131 ve tevazu g\u00f6sterirler<\/p>\n
Kurban\u0131n olsunlar, derg\u00e2h\u0131na k\u00f6le olsunlar ey y\u00fcce<\/p>\n
Ey dokuz sedefin iffet ve vak\u00e2r\u0131 olan cevher<\/p>\n
Senin nurunla ayakta, g\u00f6rkemli \u0130lim Havzas\u0131<\/p>\n
Ve senin l\u00fctf\u00fcnle nurunu her yana sa\u00e7makta<\/p>\n
Olaylar, tehlikeler, ini\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar aras\u0131nda<\/p>\n
\u015eu de\u011ferli y\u00e2rine sen ol s\u0131\u011f\u0131nak, sen ol y\u00e2ver<\/p>\n
Yarasalar senin nurunla yolunu bulur<\/p>\n
Senin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nla d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc tarum\u00e2r olur<\/p>\n
Bundan b\u00f6yle \u015fefaat\u00e7imiz ol, mah\u015fer g\u00fcn\u00fcnde<\/p>\n
Ey y\u00fcre\u011fi buruklar\u0131n \u015fefaat\u00e7isi, Allah kat\u0131nda<\/p>\n
O\u2019nun lakab\u0131 \u201c\u015eef\u00eea\u201d olduktan bu yana<\/p>\n
Ne olursa olsun, ziyaretinde \u201ci\u015ffi\u2019\u00ee\u201d s\u00f6yle<\/p>\n
Sadakat ve kulluk gizemiyle dolu Muhammed\u00ee koku var onda<\/p>\n
Sabah ak\u015fam, l\u00fctf\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6lgesinde baharday\u0131m<\/p>\n
Evet, \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s), Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019yi ziyaret ederken ona hitaben \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6ylememizi bize \u00f6\u011fretmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
\u201cEy Fat\u0131ma (M\u00e2sume)! Cennete girebilmem i\u00e7in bana \u015fefaat\u00e7i ol. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc senin, Allah kat\u0131nda y\u00fcce bir makam\u0131n var.\u201d[205]
\n3- \u0130mam Sad\u0131k\u2019\u0131n (a.s) Hz. M\u00e2sume Hakk\u0131nda S\u00f6zleri<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin \u00f6zel bir makama sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren bariz delillerden biri de, hen\u00fcz o do\u011fmadan, hatta babas\u0131 dahi d\u00fcnyaya gelmeden \u0130mam Cafer Sad\u0131k\u2019\u0131n (a.s) onun hakk\u0131nda buyurdu\u011fu s\u00f6zlerdir.<\/p>\n
Bu s\u00f6zler, peygamber ailesinden gelen bu hatunun \u00f6zel ve y\u00fcce de\u011ferlere sahip oldu\u011funu ve ilah\u00ee ki\u015fili\u011fi bulundu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00d6rnek olarak, \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr:<\/p>\n
1- \u015ei\u00eelerden biri \u0130mam Cafer Sad\u0131k\u2019\u0131n (a.s) huzuruna \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n (a.s) be\u015fikte bir bebekle konu\u015ftu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Olduk\u00e7a \u015fa\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130mam\u2019a (a.s) d\u00f6nerek, \u201cYeni do\u011fan bir bebekle mi konu\u015fuyorsunuz?\u201d diye sordu. \u0130mam Sad\u0131k (a.s), \u201cE\u011fer istiyorsan gel, sen de konu\u015f\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Bu \u015ei\u00ee, olay\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r: Be\u015fi\u011fe yakla\u015f\u0131p selam verdim. Bebek, selam\u0131m\u0131n cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdi ve bana \u201cYeni do\u011fan k\u0131z\u0131na verdi\u011fin ismi de\u011fi\u015ftir. Zira Allah, o isimden ho\u015flanmaz\u201d dedi. (Bu kimsenin, olaydan birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu olmu\u015f, ad\u0131n\u0131 da Humeyra koymu\u015flard\u0131.) Yeni do\u011fan \u00e7ocu\u011fun konu\u015fmas\u0131, gaipten haber vermesi ve hatam\u0131 d\u00fczeltmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 beni daha da \u015fa\u015fk\u0131na \u00e7evirmi\u015fti. Bunun \u00fczerine \u0130mam Sad\u0131k (a.s), bana \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: \u201c\u015ea\u015f\u0131rma, bu \u00e7ocuk o\u011flum Musa\u2019d\u0131r (a.s). Allah, onun neslinden bana bir k\u0131z verecek. Ad\u0131, Fat\u0131ma-\u2018d\u0131r. O, Kum topra\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6m\u00fclecek. Kim onu Kum\u2019da ziyaret ederse, cennet ona vacip olur.\u201d[206]<\/p>\n
2- Yine \u0130mam Cafer Sad\u0131k (a.s), Hz. M\u00e2sume hen\u00fcz d\u00fcnyaya gelmeden onun hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: \u201cPek yak\u0131nda Kum\u2019da benim evlatlar\u0131mdan Fat\u0131ma isminde bir h\u00e2tun defnedilecek. Kim onu ziyaret ederse cennet ona vacip olur.[207]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) Hicr\u00ee 128\u2019de d\u00fcnyaya geldi\u011fini, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin de 173 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fdu\u011funu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurursak, \u0130mam Sad\u0131k\u2019\u0131n, (a.s) bu s\u00f6z\u00fc Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin do\u011fumundan 45 y\u0131l \u00f6nce s\u00f6ylemi\u015f oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Sad\u0131k (a.s) bir ba\u015fka rivayette de \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: \u201cBenim k\u0131zlar\u0131mdan bir h\u00e2tun, Kum\u2019da vefat edecek ve onun \u015fefaatiyle t\u00fcm \u015ei\u00eelerim cennete girecektir.\u201d[208]<\/p>\n
Bu gayb\u00ee haberler, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u015ei\u00eeleri bu y\u00fcce h\u00e2tunun kutsal hedeflerine davet etmektedir.
\n4- Baban Sana Feda Olsun!<\/p>\n
Hz. Fat\u0131ma Zehra\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) faziletlerinden biri de, Hz. Peygamberin defalarca onun hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u201cBabas\u0131 ona feda olsun\u201d[209] s\u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Peygamberimizin s\u00f6yledi\u011fi bu s\u00f6z, Hz. Fat\u0131ma\u2019n\u0131n makam\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcceli\u011fini ve sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmektedir.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume hakk\u0131nda da buna benzer s\u00f6zler, babas\u0131 \u0130mam Kaz\u0131m (a.s) taraf\u0131ndan s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir. Bu konuyla ilgili olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yer alan anlaml\u0131 olay\u0131 naklediyoruz.<\/p>\n
Ayetullah Uzma Seyit Ebu\u2019l-Kas\u0131m Ho\u00ee\u2019nin ilk damad\u0131 olan Merhum Ayetullah M\u00fcstenbit, IX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n alimlerinden Salih b. Arendes\u2019in Ke\u015ffu\u2019l-Leali kitab\u0131ndan[210] \u015f\u00f6yle nakleder:<\/p>\n
\u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m (a.s) d\u00f6neminde bir grup \u015ei\u00ee, sorular\u0131na cevap almak kast\u0131yla Medine\u2019ye geldi. Ancak \u0130mam (a.s) yolculukta oldu\u011fundan geri d\u00f6nmek zorunda kald\u0131lar. Bir sonraki seferde sorular\u0131n\u0131 bir k\u00e2\u011f\u0131da yazarak \u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) ailesine b\u0131rakmak istediler. Ancak, \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Hz. M\u00e2sume, buna f\u0131rsat vermeden b\u00fct\u00fcn sorular\u0131na cevap verdi. \u015ei\u00eeler, cevaplar\u0131 al\u0131nca vatanlar\u0131na do\u011fru yola koyuldular. Yolda \u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m (a.s) ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131nca konuyu ona da anlatt\u0131lar. \u0130mam, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 cevaplar\u0131 onlardan alarak g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irdi. Hepsini do\u011fru buldu ve \u00fc\u00e7 defa \u015fu c\u00fcmleyi tekrar etti: \u201cBabas\u0131 ona feda olsun!\u201d<\/p>\n
O d\u00f6nemde Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011funu da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131rsak, bu olay, onun ilim ve marifet derecesinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve e\u015fsiz makam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren bir kan\u0131t olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.[211]
\n5- \u0130mamlar\u0131n (a.s) Sa\u011flam Delili<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin hayat\u0131n\u0131 konu alan bilgiler, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tarih sayfalar\u0131ndan kaybolmu\u015ftur. Bunun sebebi ise, d\u00f6nemin bask\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6netimi ve bu y\u00f6netimin Ehl-i Beyt\u2019in hayat\u0131n\u0131 ve faziletini yazan kaynaklardan duydu\u011fu endi\u015feler idi. Bununla birlikte g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelenlerle de baz\u0131 ger\u00e7ekleri a\u00e7\u0131klamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin \u00f6zelliklerinden biri de \u0130slam\u00ee ilimleri ve Ehl-i Beyt maarifini \u00e7ok iyi bilmesi idi. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bu ilmi insanlara ve gelecek nesillere nakleden e\u015fsiz ravilerindendi.<\/p>\n
Nitekim, yukar\u0131daki rivayetten de bu konu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden olacak ki, \u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m (a.s) o e\u015fsiz b\u00e2nu i\u00e7in, \u201cBabas\u0131 ona kurban olsun\u201d diyordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, babas\u0131 \u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m (a.s) i\u00e7in sa\u011flam\/ emin bir dayanakt\u0131. Nitekim Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin ziyaret n\u00e2mesinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u015f\u00f6yle denilmektedir: \u201cSelam olsun sana ey Fat\u0131-ma, ey Musa b. Cafer\u2019in k\u0131z\u0131, onun h\u00fcccet ve emini!\u201d[212]<\/p>\n
Buna g\u00f6re Hz. M\u00e2sume, babas\u0131 \u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in h\u00fccceti ve emanet\u00e7isi idi. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla o, Allah\u2019\u0131n h\u00fccceti, emini ve ilah\u00ee emanetin koruyucusu idi.<\/p>\n
Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019den bize yeteri kadar rivayet ula\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Elimize ula\u015fan az say\u0131da rivayetten baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
1- el-Gadir\u2019de yaz\u0131lan bilgilere g\u00f6re, bir\u00e7ok Ehl-i S\u00fcnnet kayna\u011f\u0131nda, \u201cGadir\u201d ve \u201cMenzilet\u201d hadisleri, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019den nakledilmi\u015ftir. Bu hadisler \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n
\u201c\u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) k\u0131zlar\u0131 Fat\u0131ma (M\u00e2sume), Zey-neb ve \u00dcmm\u00fc Kuls\u00fbm, \u0130mam Cafer S\u00e2d\u0131k (a.s) k\u0131z\u0131 Fat\u0131-ma\u2019dan, o da \u0130mam Muhammed B\u00e2k\u0131r\u2019\u0131n (a.s) k\u0131z\u0131 Fat\u0131-ma\u2019dan, o da \u0130mam Zeynelabidin (a.s) k\u0131z\u0131 Fat\u0131ma\u2019dan, o da \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in (a.s) k\u0131zlar\u0131 Fat\u0131ma ve Sak\u00eene\u2019den, onlar da Peygamberimizin (s.a.a) k\u0131z\u0131 Fat\u0131ma\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 \u00dcmm\u00fc Kuls\u00fbm\u2019dan ve o da annesinden (Allah onlardan raz\u0131 olsun) \u015f\u00f6yle nakleder:<\/p>\n
[Hz. Fat\u0131ma Zehra, Hz. Ali\u2019nin (a.s) hilafetini gasp edenlere \u015f\u00f6yle seslendi:]<\/p>\n
\u201cSiz Allah Resul\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn (s.a.v) Gadir-i Hum\u2019da s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u2018Ben kimin Mevla\u2019s\u0131 isem Ali de onun Mevla\u2019s\u0131d\u0131r\u2019 c\u00fcmlesini ve \u2018Ey Ali, senin bana yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n H\u00e2run\u2019un Musa\u2019ya olan yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibidir\u2019 s\u00f6zlerini duymad\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131?[213]<\/p>\n
2- Yukar\u0131daki senetle Hz. M\u00e2sume, Hz. Fat\u0131ma Zehra\u2019dan \u015fu rivayeti nakleder: Allah Resul\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn (s.a.v) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu\u011funu duydum: Miraca gitti\u011fimde cennete girdim. \u0130\u00e7inde beyaz benekli yakuttan \u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir saray vard\u0131. Kap\u0131s\u0131, inci ve yakutla bezenmi\u015f, \u00fczerine de bir perde as\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131m ve kap\u0131ya bakt\u0131m. \u00dczerinde \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yordu: \u2018Allah\u2019tan ba\u015fka ilah yoktur, Muhammed (s.a.v) Allah\u2019\u0131n el\u00e7isidir, Ali insanlar\u0131n velisidir.\u2019 Perdede de bir yaz\u0131 vard\u0131. Orada da \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131: \u2018Ne mutlu Ali \u015eias\u0131na! Onun gibisi var m\u0131?\u2019<\/p>\n
Saraya girdim. \u0130\u00e7erisi, k\u0131z\u0131l benekli akiklerle d\u00f6\u015fenmi\u015fti. ye\u015fil yakutla s\u00fcslenmi\u015f g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f bir kap\u0131s\u0131 ve kap\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde bir perde vard\u0131. Ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131mda kap\u0131da \u015f\u00f6yle yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm: Muhammed Allah\u2019\u0131n el\u00e7isi, Al,i Mustafa\u2019n\u0131n vasisidir.<\/p>\n
Perdede de \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131: Ali \u015ei\u00eelerine asilzade olduklar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcjdele!<\/p>\n
Saray\u0131n ortas\u0131na kadar ilerledi\u011fimde ye\u015fil benekli z\u00fcmr\u00fctten \u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ba\u015fka bir saray daha g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. \u00d6yle ki, ondan daha g\u00fczel bir saray hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftim. \u0130ncilerle s\u00fcslenmi\u015f k\u0131z\u0131l yakuttan bir kap\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131. \u00dczerinde de bir perde vard\u0131. Ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131mda perdede \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fcm: \u201cAli\u2019nin \u015eias\u0131, as\u0131l kurtulu\u015fa erenlerdir.\u201d<\/p>\n
D\u0130PNOTLAR
\n[178]- Tarih-i Kadim-i Kum, s.213; Biharu\u2019l-Envar, c.48, s.290; \u00c2yanu\u2019\u015f-\u015eia, c.8, s.291; Riyahaynu\u2019\u015f-\u015eeriat, c.5, s.32; Envaru\u2019l-Mu\u015fa\u2019\u015fain, c.1, s. 208; M\u00fcntaha\u2019l-\u00c2mal, c.2, c.242; Meragidu\u2019l-Muarif, c.2, s.163; Dairetu\u2019l-Maarif-i \u015eia, Seyit Hasan Emin, c.3, s.231; Gencine-i Dani\u015fmendan, c.1, s.14.<\/p>\n
[179]- Vesiletu\u2019l-M\u00e2sum\u00een, Mir Ebu Talib C\u00e2iz Tebriz\u00ee, s.65; Levagihu\u2019l-Envar, s.58; Zindigani-i Hz. M\u00e2sume, Mehdi Mensur\u00ee (\u00d6. 1146 H.), s.37; Kerime-i Ehl-i Beyt, s.105.<\/p>\n
[180]- M\u00fcstedrek-i Sefinetu\u2019l-Bihar, Allame \u015eeyh Ali Nemaz\u00ee, c.8, s.257.<\/p>\n
[181]- Risaletu\u2019l-Arabiyyeti\u2019l-Aleviyye ve\u2019l-Lugati\u2019l-Merviyye, \u015eeyh H\u00fcr \u00c2mul\u00ee, Hayatu\u2019s-Sitte\u2019den (Mehdi Mensur\u00ee) naklen, s.11.<\/p>\n
[182]- Vesailu\u2019\u015f-\u015eia, c.14, s.3<\/p>\n
[183]- Vesailu\u2019\u015f-\u015eia, s.7-8.<\/p>\n
[184]- Vesailu\u2019\u015f-\u015eia, c.14, s.117-118.<\/p>\n
[185]- Usul-u K\u00e2fi, c.1, s.317.<\/p>\n
[186]- Usul-u K\u00e2fi, c.1, s.261.<\/p>\n
[187]- Sefinetu\u2019l-Bihar, c.2, s.376; Bihar, c.60, s.219.<\/p>\n
[188]- \u201cSetti\u201d l\u00fcgatte \u201chan\u0131mefendi ve bayan\u201d anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu medrese Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019ye ait oldu\u011fundan buraya \u201cSettiye\u201d denir. Halk aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak bilinen \u201cOrada Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin bir tand\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu\u201d iddias\u0131, as\u0131ls\u0131zd\u0131r. Beytu\u2019n-Nur (Nur Evi) ismini almas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi ise, buran\u0131n kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 bu konuya dikkat etmediklerinden Beytu\u2019n-Nur\u2019a \u201cBeytu\u2019t-Tenur\u201d (tand\u0131r evi) demi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
[189]- Ayn\u0131 kaynak. Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin Kum\u2019da 16 g\u00fcn ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve vefat y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n da (10 veya 12 Rebiy\u00fclah\u0131r 201 Hicr\u00ee) oldu\u011funu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131rsak, Kum\u2019a geli\u015f tarihi; 23 Rebiy\u00fclevvel 201 Hicr\u00ee\u2019dir.<\/p>\n
[190] \u2013 Riyazu\u2019l-Ensab, s.160, (Hayatu\u2019s-Sitt, s.50\u2019den naklen)<\/p>\n
[191]- el-Hayatu\u2019s-Siyasiyye li\u2019l-\u0130mam R\u0131za, Cafer Murtaza \u00c2mul\u00ee, s.428; K\u0131yam-\u0131 S\u00e2dat-\u0131 Alev\u00ee, s.161, 168.<\/p>\n
[192]- Vesiletu\u2019l- M\u00e2sumin, Mirza Ebu Talib B\u00fcy\u00fck, s.68.<\/p>\n
[193]- Bu \u015fiir, kitab\u0131n giri\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde di\u011fer beyitleriyle birlikte zikredilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
[194]- Minhacu\u2019d-Dum\u00fb, s.440.<\/p>\n
[195]- Bihar, c.60, s.219. Baz\u0131lar\u0131, y\u00fczleri kapal\u0131 bu iki \u015fahs\u0131n muhtemelen \u0130mam R\u0131za ile \u0130mam Cevad (a.s) oldu\u011funu kaydetmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
[196]- Ayn\u0131 kaynak, s.220, 229.<\/p>\n
[197]- Muntehe\u2019l-\u00c2mal, c.2, s.162; Tarih-i Kadim-i Kum, s.218 de \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r: \u201c\u00dcmm\u00fc \u0130shak ile \u00dcmm\u00fc Habib, Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin t\u00fcrbesinin hemen biti\u015fi\u011finde defnedilmi\u015flerdir.\u201d<\/p>\n
Muhaddis Nur\u00ee, ba\u015fka bir yerde \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201cTarih-i Kum kitab\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla Zeyneb, \u00dcmm\u00fc Muhammed ve Meym\u00fbne, \u0130mam Cevad\u2019\u0131n k\u0131zlar\u0131d\u0131r. (Munteha\u2019l-\u00c2mal, c.2, s.235)<\/p>\n
[198]- Bunlara ilave olarak dokuz imamzade daha Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin t\u00fcrbesi kenar\u0131na defnedilmi\u015ftir. Bu konu hakk\u0131nda kitab\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde a\u00e7\u0131klama yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
[199]- Baba taraf\u0131ndan Harempenah\u00eelerin, anne taraf\u0131ndan da E\u015frak\u00eelerin dedesidir. Kabr-i \u015eerifi, Yeni Avlu\u2019da, Merhum Ayetullah \u015eeyh Fazlullah Nur\u00ee\u2019nin mezar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
[200]- \u0130kametu\u2019l-Burhan Der Usul-i Din, Mirza Musa Farah\u00e2n\u00ee, s.479 (Bu kitap, 1302 H. K. y\u0131l\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/p>\n
[201]- el-Fakih, c.1, s.121; Bihar, c.22, s.550.<\/p>\n
[202]- Tuhefu\u2019l-Uk\u00fbl (Fars\u00e7a terc\u00fcmesi), s.183.<\/p>\n
[203]- Bihar, c.48, s.317.<\/p>\n
[204]- Nasihu\u2019t-Tevarih, c.3, s.68; Riyahaynu\u2019\u015f-\u015eeriat, c.5, s.35.<\/p>\n
[205]- Bihar, c.102, s.266.<\/p>\n
[206]- Minhacu\u2019d-Dum\u00fb, s.441.<\/p>\n
[207]- Bihar, c.60, s.117.<\/p>\n
[208]- Bihar, c.60, s.228.<\/p>\n
[209]- Bihar, c.43, s.86, 88.<\/p>\n
[210]- Bu kitab\u0131n el yazmas\u0131 n\u00fcshas\u0131, Necef\u2019teki \u015eu\u015fter\u00eeliler K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi\u2019nde mevcuttur.<\/p>\n
[211]- Kerime-i Ehl-i Beyt, Ali Ekber Mehdi, s.63-64.<\/p>\n
[212]- Envaru\u2019l-Mu\u015fa\u2019\u015fa\u00een, c.1, s.211.<\/p>\n
[213]- el-Gadir, c.1, s.197.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bu yaz\u0131 Hz.Fat\u0131ma Masume\u2019nin \u015eehadeti dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Hz.Masume(as) isimli kitaptan iktibas edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130mam Cafer Sad\u0131k (a.s) b\u00f6yle bir hatunun d\u00fcnyaya gelece\u011fini m\u00fcjdeledi\u011fi i\u00e7in Ehl-i Beyt h\u00e2nedan\u0131nda uzun s\u00fcredir bir bekleyi\u015f vard\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden Hz. M\u00e2sume\u2019nin d\u00fcnyaya geldi\u011fi bug\u00fcn, Necme hatun ve \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) i\u00e7in \u00e7ok mutlu bir g\u00fcnd\u00fc. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc imamet ve velayet evinde bir k\u0131z …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2422,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[19,1654,1653,1652,1290,1650,1649,1350,1651,27,284],"class_list":["post-2421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yazilar","tag-asura","tag-hz-masume-hayati","tag-hz-masume-kimdir","tag-hz-masume","tag-hz-fatima","tag-hz-fatima-masumeas","tag-hz-fatima-masumeasnin-sehadeti","tag-imam-cafer-sadik","tag-imam-cafer-sadik-a-s","tag-kerbela","tag-sehadet"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t