\u0130LK M\u00dcSL\u00dcMANLARDAN Abdullah \u0130bn Mes’ud<\/p>\n
Ad\u0131 Abdullah, k\u00fcnyesi Abdurrahman\u2019d\u0131r. Babas\u0131 Mes\u2019ud, annesinin ad\u0131 \u00dcmm-i Abd\u2019dir. Babas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda fazla bir bilgi yoktur. Onun, Z\u00fchreo\u011fullar\u0131ndan Abd b. H\u00e2ris\u2019in m\u00fcttefiki oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n
Abdullah, Mekke\u2019nin fak\u00eeh \u00e2ilelerinden birine mensuptu. Gen\u00e7li\u011finde Ukbe b. Ebi Muayt\u2019\u0131n koyunlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcderek \u00e7obanl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Abdullah b. Mes\u2019ud Hz. Peygamber ile ilk tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r: Ben Ukbe b. Ebi Muayt\u2019\u0131n koyunlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcd\u00fcyordum. Bir g\u00fcn Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.s.) ve Hz. Ebu Bekir (r.a.) yan\u0131mdan ge\u00e7iyorlard\u0131. Ras\u00fblullah bana s\u00fct\u00fcm\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu. Ben de ona \u00e7oban oldu\u011fumu ve bu koyunlar\u0131n em\u00e2net olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledim. Bunun \u00fczerine Ras\u00fblullah: \u201cYavrulamam\u0131\u015f ve s\u00fct vermeyen bir koyunun var m\u0131? Bana g\u00f6sterir misin?\u201d dedi. Ben de ko\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rmemi\u015f bir koyun yana\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131m. Ras\u00fblullah koyunun memesini tutup sa\u011fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ger\u00e7ekten yavrulamam\u0131\u015f ve s\u00fct\u00fc olmayan bu koyundan s\u00fct sa\u011f\u0131p Ebu Bekir\u2019e verdi. Hz. Ebu Bekir i\u00e7ti; sonra kab\u0131 Ras\u00fblullah al\u0131p o da i\u00e7tikten sonra koyunu sald\u0131. \u201d (\u0130bn Sa\u2019d, Tabakat, 111, 150-151)<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fte \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud o g\u00fcnden sonra Hz. Peygamberin yan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131 kabul edenlerin alt\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. O m\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu\u011fu zaman Peygamberimiz (s.a.s.) hen\u00fcz Erkam\u2019\u0131n evine ta\u015f\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131 kabul ettikten sonra hep Kur\u2019\u00e2n-\u0131 Kerim ezberlemi\u015ftir. Kendi if\u00e2desiyle h\u0131fzetti\u011fi yetmi\u015f s\u00fbreyi Hz. Peygamber (s.a.s.)\u2019in huzurunda okumu\u015ftur. Sah\u00e2beler aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7 kimse bu konuda kendisiyle rekabete giri\u015fememi\u015f, daha sonra Abdullah Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 ezberlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, m\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu\u011fu s\u0131ralarda m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar Hz. Peygamber ile a\u00e7\u0131ktan a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa ib\u00e2det edemiyor, istedikleri yerde y\u00fcksek sesle Kur\u2019an okuyam\u0131yorlard\u0131. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir hareketi, m\u00fc\u015friklerin b\u00fct\u00fcn c\u00e2hil\u00ee duygular\u0131n\u0131 kabart\u0131r, onlar\u0131 m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fiddetli ve canice sald\u0131r\u0131larda bulunmaya s\u00fcr\u00fcklerdi. Bunun i\u00e7indir ki m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, bu gibi tehlikelerden sak\u0131nmak isterler, m\u00fc\u015frikleri aleyhlerinde harekete te\u015fvik ve tahrik edecek hareketlerden ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131rlard\u0131. \u0130\u015fte bu zor g\u00fcnlerde Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, K\u00e2be\u2019de Kur\u2019\u00e2n okumak istemi\u015fti. Hz. Peygamber ve Ash\u00e2b\u0131 bunun tehlikeli bir hareket oldu\u011funu, \u00f6zellikle Mekke\u2019de kendisini himaye edecek b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e2ilenin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, m\u00fc\u015friklerin ona kar\u015f\u0131 pervas\u0131zca hareket ederek kendisini i\u015fkenceye u\u011fratacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015fler, fakat \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un iman co\u015fkunlu\u011fu b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f: \u201cBeni, onlar\u0131n \u015ferrinden Allah korur!\u201d diyerek kalkm\u0131\u015f ve K\u00e2be\u2019ye gitmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Bu s\u0131rada Kurey\u015f m\u00fc\u015friklerinin b\u00fcy\u00fckleri toplanm\u0131\u015f, Harem\u2019de bir meseleyi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Onlar konu\u015furlarken, y\u00fcksek ve g\u00fczel bir ses besmele \u00e7ekmi\u015f ve Kur\u2019\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019den Rahman s\u00fbresini okumaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Herkes hayret etmi\u015f ve bu cesur adam\u0131n kim oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenmek \u00fczere ona y\u00f6neldiklerinde \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdi. Kurey\u015f\u2019liler k\u0131zm\u0131\u015f, bu hareketi en \u015fiddetli cezalarla kar\u015f\u0131lamak istemi\u015flerdi. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019u k\u0131zg\u0131n kumlara yat\u0131r\u0131p \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131 terketmeye davet ettiler. Fakat \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, bu ezalara zerre kadar \u00f6nem vermedi. M\u00fc\u015frikler de i\u015fkencelerinin bir fayda vermeyece\u011fini anlayarak onu b\u0131rakt\u0131lar .<\/p>\n
Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud (r.a.) Kurey\u015fliler\u2019in bu haince hareketleri y\u00fcz\u00fcnden hastaland\u0131 ama i\u00e7inde yanan iman ate\u015fi zerre kadar s\u00f6nmemi\u015f, m\u00e2neviyat\u0131 asla sars\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, ilk f\u0131rsatta ayn\u0131 hareketi tekrarlam\u0131\u015f; yine Kurey\u015fliler\u2019in topland\u0131klar\u0131 yerlerde Allah kel\u00e2m\u0131n\u0131 en y\u00fcksek sesle okuyup Hz. Peygamber\u2019den sonra ilk kez K\u00e2be\u2019de Kur\u2019\u00e2n okuyarak m\u00fc\u015friklere \u0130sl\u00e2m mesaj\u0131n\u0131 tebli\u011f etmi\u015fti. (\u0130bn\u00fc \u2018I-Es\u00eer, \u00dcsd\u00fc \u20191-G\u00e2be, I I I, 256-257).<\/p>\n
Abdullah ibn. Mes\u2019ud\u2019un bu iman\u0131 ve cesareti m\u00fc\u015friklerin ona b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fman kesilmesine neden olmu\u015ftu. Kurey\u015f\u2019in bu tutumu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud (r.a.) Mekke\u2019yi terketmeye ve hicrete mecbur kald\u0131 ve Habe\u015fistan\u2019a gitmek \u00fczere \u00e7\u00f6llere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Daha sonra Habe\u015fistan\u2019dan Medine\u2019ye hicret ederek Muaz b. Cebel\u2019e mis\u00e2fir oldu.<\/p>\n
Ras\u00fblullah Medine\u2019ye gelince, ona bir yer g\u00f6stererek Medine\u2019de yerle\u015fmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015flara kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve hepsinde de \u00f6nemli fed\u00e2k\u00e2rl\u0131klar g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bedir sava\u015f\u0131nda, Ens\u00e2r\u2019dan iki gen\u00e7, \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019a gelerek, kendilerine Ebu Cehil\u2019i g\u00f6stermesini istemi\u015f, sonra da k\u00fcf\u00fcr ordusunun ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 temizlemi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud (r.a.) Uhud, Hendek, Hudeybiye, Hayber gazveleriyle Mekke\u2019nin fethinde Ras\u00fblullah ile birlikte bulundu. Huneyn gazvesindeki bozgun esnas\u0131nda Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131ndan hi\u00e7 ayr\u0131lmad\u0131. Ras\u00fblullah onun bu fed\u00e2k\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 takdir buyurmu\u015ftu. Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, her gazada, Allah yolunda \u015feh\u00eed olmak gayreti ile sava\u015fan sah\u00e2b\u00eelerdendi. Ondaki iman kuvveti, onu daima ileriye at\u0131yor, ancak m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n zaferi ve m\u00fc\u015friklerin yenilgisi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftikten sonra rahat ediyordu. Hz. Peygamber\u2019in vefat\u0131ndan sonra k\u0131sa bir m\u00fcddet, inzivaya \u00e7ekildi. Fakat \u00d6mer devrinde yeni fetihlere ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman heyecan\u0131 yeniden uyanan \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, cihad i\u00e7in Suriye cephesine gitti.<\/p>\n
Hz. \u00d6mer, hicr\u00ee yirminci y\u0131lda \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019u, K\u00fbfe kad\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na tayin etti. Kad\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6revinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Beyt\u00fclm\u00e2l*\u2019in muhafazas\u0131 ile ilgilenecek, \u00f6te yandan halk\u0131n din\u00ee e\u011fitimine de \u00f6nem verecekti. Hz. \u00d6mer bununla ilgili olarak K\u00fbfe halk\u0131na g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi mektupta \u015f\u00f6yle diyordu:<\/p>\n
\u201cSize Amm\u00e2r b. Y\u00e2sir\u2019i Emir, \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019u da \u00f6\u011fretici olarak g\u00f6nderiyorum. Beyt\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00e2l\u2019\u0131n\u0131za da \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019u tayin ettim. Bunlar\u0131n her ikisi de Bedir ehlindendirler. Onlar\u0131 dinleyin ve onlara itaat ediniz. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019u yan\u0131mda al\u0131koymak istiyordum ama sizi kendime tercih ettim.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud (r.a.), \u00fczerine ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu g\u00f6revi son derece liyakat ve ehliyet ile yerine getirdi. K\u00fbfe, mahsullerinin \u00e7okluk ve \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi, gelirinin geni\u015fli\u011fiyle tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir merkezdi. Onun i\u00e7in buran\u0131n \u2018beyt\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00e2l\u2019i \u00f6nemliydi . \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc buras\u0131, binlerce M\u00fccahidin tahsis\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu. Horasan, T\u00fcrkistan ve bunlara benzer di\u011fer yerlerde, cihada kat\u0131lan m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar en uzak cephelerde \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fan ordular, buradan te\u00e7hiz ediliyordu. Bu durum, \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen vazifenin ne kadar zor oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermeye yeterlidir. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un bu kadar m\u00fchim bir i\u015fi \u00fcstlenmesi onun ne kadar h\u00fcnerli biri oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n
Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, ayn\u0131 zamanda son derece z\u00e2hid ve m\u00fcttak\u00ee idi. D\u00fcnyev\u00ee hi\u00e7bir zevk onu \u00e7ekememi\u015fti. Bundan dolay\u0131 onun emin eline verilen b\u00fct\u00fcn vazifeleri en y\u00fcksek do\u011frulukla yerine getirir; beyt\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00e2l\u2019in her \u015feyini korur ve her \u015feyi ancak yerine, ehil ve hakk\u0131 olana verirdi. Bu hususta o kadar itina ederdi ki: Bir defas\u0131nda Sa\u2019d b. Ebi Vakkas ile aras\u0131nda bir ihtilaf oldu. Sa\u2019d, beyt\u00fc\u2019lm\u00e2l\u2019den bir miktar bor\u00e7 para alm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6deme zaman\u0131 geldi\u011finde borcunu \u00f6demedi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, ona a\u011f\u0131r s\u00f6zler s\u00f6ylemi\u015f ve kalbini k\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud altm\u0131\u015f ya\u015f\u0131ndayken hastaland\u0131. Bir gece r\u00fcyas\u0131nda Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Hz. Peygamber onu davet ediyordu.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un vefat\u0131 yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman Hz. Z\u00fcbeyr ile o\u011flu Abdullah yan\u0131na gelmi\u015flerdi. Hicr\u00ee otuzikinci y\u0131lda vefat etti. Onu Hz. Z\u00fcbeyr ve o\u011flu te\u00e7hiz ve tekfin ettiler. Sahih riv\u00e2yetlere g\u00f6re cenaze namaz\u0131n\u0131 bizzat Hz. Osman k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131. Hz. Osman b. Mazun ise onu kabrine indirdi.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a girdi\u011fi g\u00fcnlerden beri ilimle u\u011fra\u015fmakla kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015fti. Ras\u00fblullah ondaki bu ilgi ve \u015fevki sezerek: \u201cSen, muallim olacak bir gen\u00e7sin\u201d buyurmu\u015flard\u0131. Ger\u00e7ekten \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud her \u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 ilim tahsili ile ge\u00e7irmi\u015f, Hz. Peygamber (s.a.s.)\u2019in deniz gibi ilminden yararlanmak i\u00e7in f\u0131rsat\u0131 ganimet bilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n en \u00f6zel, en mahrem dostlar\u0131ndan ve adamlar\u0131ndand\u0131. O, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019a hizmetle \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bazen Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n misvak\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r, takdim ederdi. Bazen \u00e2sas\u0131n\u0131 getirirdi. Buna benzer bir\u00e7ok \u00f6zel hizmetlerini yapard\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca o, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n s\u0131rda\u015flar\u0131ndand\u0131. Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n o kadar yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndand\u0131 ki, meclisine izinsiz girer, onunla konu\u015fur, emirlerini dinler ve b\u00fct\u00fcn arzular\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirirdi. (\u0130bn Sa\u2019d, Tabakat, 111, 153).<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, il\u00e2h\u00ee vahyi, bizzat onu alan ve tel\u00e2ffuz eden Hz. Peygamber\u2019 den \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftir. Bunun i\u00e7indir ki o, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 en iyi bilen, en m\u00fckemmel ezberleyen zatlardand\u0131. Herkes onun bu husustaki bilgisini ve kabiliyetini takdir ederdi; ash\u00e2b\u2019\u0131n hepsi, onun Kur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019a olan vuk\u00fbfiyetini ve bundaki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul ederlerdi. (Buh\u00e2ri, Fad\u00e2ilu Ash\u00e2bi\u2019n-Nebi, 37).<\/p>\n
Ebu Ahves der ki: \u201cBir g\u00fcn Ebu Musa\u2019l-E\u015f\u2019\u00e2ri\u2019nin evinde bulunuyorduk. Orada ibn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un arkada\u015flar\u0131ndan baz\u0131 zatlar vard\u0131. Mushaf\u2019a bak\u0131yorlard\u0131. Abdullah kalkarak, \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud hakk\u0131nda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201cRas\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n il\u00e2h\u00ee vahyi \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019dan daha iyi tan\u0131yan birini b\u0131rakmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanaatindeyim.\u201d Ebu Musa bu s\u00f6zleri dinledikten sonra: \u201cBiz bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zaman o, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr, biz kabul olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda o, huzura kabul olunurdu\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Amr b. As\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu Abdullah\u2019\u0131n meclisine devam eden Mesruk der ki: Abdullah b. Amr\u2019a gider, konu\u015furduk. Bir g\u00fcn Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019dan s\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Abdullah dedi ki: \u2018\u00d6yle bir adamdan bahsediyorsunuz ki, onu \u00e7ok seviyorum, sevece\u011fim de. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ras\u00fblullah onun hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftu: \u201cKur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 d\u00f6rt ki\u015fiden \u00f6\u011freniniz: ibn Mes\u2019ud\u2019dan, Muaz b. Cebel, \u00dcbey b. Kaab ve Ebu Huzeyfe\u2019nin mevl\u00e2\u2019s\u0131 S\u00e2lim\u2019den.\u201d Ras\u00fblullah bu a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud ile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 . \u201d (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Fez\u00e2il\u00fc\u2019l Kur\u2019\u00e2n, <\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131na, onu, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019dan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00f6\u011fretmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. \u00d6te yandan tefsir ilminde de m\u00fchim hizmetleri olmu\u015ftu. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud der ki: \u201cHabe\u015fistan\u2019a hicret etmeden \u00f6nce, Mekke\u2019de bulundu\u011fumuz s\u0131rada, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019a, namaz k\u0131larlarken sel\u00e2m verirdik, o da sel\u00e2m\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 al\u0131rd\u0131. Habe\u015fistan\u2019dan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fczde yine ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde namaz k\u0131larlarken sel\u00e2m verdik, sel\u00e2m\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 almad\u0131. Namaz\u0131n\u0131 bitirdikten sonra Ras\u00fblullah\u2019a sebebini sordum: \u201cCen\u00e2b\u0131 Hak, namazda konu\u015fmay\u0131 yasaklad\u0131\u201d, buyurdular. (\u0130bn Hanbel, M\u00fcsned, 1, 377).<\/p>\n
Yine \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud anlat\u0131yor: Hz. Peygamber (s.a.s.)\u2019e \u015f\u00f6yle soruldu: \u201cEn b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah \u015funlardan hangisidir? Allah\u2019a ortak ko\u015fmak, kendi \u00e7ocu\u011funu \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek, kom\u015funun kar\u0131s\u0131 ile zina etmek. \u201d O zaman Ras\u00fblullah\u2019a \u015fu \u00e2yet-i kerime indi: \u201cOnlar ki Allah ile beraber ba\u015fka bir il\u00e2ha ibadet etmezler, Allah\u2019\u0131n haram k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 cana haks\u0131z yere k\u0131ymazlar ve zina yapmazlar. Her kim de bunlar\u0131 yaparsa k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc a\u011f\u0131r cezaya \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u201d (el-Furkan, 25\/67).<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud kendi re\u2019yi ile Kur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019\u0131 tefsir etme hususunda son derece ihtiyatla hareket ederdi. Kendisi bunu izah ederek der ki: \u201cMescitteydim. Orada Kur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019\u0131 kendi re\u2019yiyle tefsir eden bir adam\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm ve hemen oradan ayr\u0131ld\u0131m. Bu adam: \u201cG\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131k bir duman ile gelece\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fc bekle, o insanlar\u0131 sarar, bu, ac\u0131kl\u0131 bir azapt\u0131r.\u201d (ed-Duhan, 44\/10), \u00e2yetini tefsir ederken, k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fcnde herkesin nefesini t\u0131kayacak ve onlar\u0131 nezleye u\u011fratacak bir dumandan s\u00f6z ediyordu. H\u00e2lbuki bir insan\u0131n bilmedi\u011fi bir \u015fey i\u00e7in Allah bilir, demesi, onun ilmine del\u00e2let eder. Bu \u00e2yet-i kerime ise Kurey\u015f\u2019in Ras\u00fblullah\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 son derece \u015fiddetli davrand\u0131klar\u0131 zamanlarda inmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019i bizzat Ras\u00fblullah\u2019dan \u00f6\u011frenenlerdendi. Onun i\u00e7in k\u0131raatinde ba\u015fka bir m\u00fckemmellik vard\u0131. Ras\u00fblullah onun k\u0131raatinden bahseder ve onu \u00f6verdi. Bir g\u00fcn Mescidte \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, g\u00fczel sesle Nis\u00e2 s\u00fbresini okuyordu. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.s.) Hz. Ebu Bekir ve \u00d6mer ile birlikte mescide gelmi\u015f ve onu zevkle dinledikten sonra \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015flerdi: \u201c\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud! ne dilersen dile n\u00e2il olursun!\u201d<\/p>\n
Ebu Bekir\u2019den sonra Hz. \u00d6mer gelmi\u015f ve Ras\u00fblullah\u2019dan duyduklar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019a m\u00fcjdelemek istemi\u015fti. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud ona: \u201cEbu Bekir seni ge\u00e7ti\u201d demi\u015fti. Hz. \u00d6mer de: \u201cAllah Ebu Bekir\u2019den raz\u0131 olsun, onun daha \u00f6nce sana geldi\u011finden haberim yoktu\u201d demi\u015fti (\u0130bn Hanbel, M\u00fcsned, 1, 454)<\/p>\n
Ger\u00e7ekten \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un k\u0131raati son derece g\u00fczeldi. Ras\u00fblullah, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 ona talim ettikten sonra, sesinden dinlemek isterdi. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, bir g\u00fcn Ras\u00fblullah\u2019a: \u201cBiz Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 sizden okuduk, sizden \u00f6\u011frenmedik mi?\u201d demi\u015f, Ras\u00fblullah da \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftu: \u201cEvet ama ben Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 ba\u015fkalar\u0131ndan dinlemek isterim.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud diyor ki: \u201cBir g\u00fcn Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n huzurunda Nis\u00e2 s\u00fbresinden bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm okuyordum. \u201cHer \u00fcmmetten bir \u015f\u00e2hid getirdi\u011fimiz, seni de onlar\u0131n \u00fczerine \u015f\u00e2hid getirdi\u011fimiz vakit, bakal\u0131m onlar\u0131n hali nice olacak?\u201d (en-Nis\u00e2, 4\/41). \u00c2yeti kerimesine geldi\u011fim zaman, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6zleri ya\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 .\u201d<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019a yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla son derece geni\u015f bilgiye sahipti. \u201cOnun, o devre ait bilmedi\u011fi yoktu\u201d dersek m\u00fcbal\u00e2\u011fa etmi\u015f olmay\u0131z. Bununla beraber o, asr-\u0131 sa\u00e2det\u2019e ait riv\u00e2yetlerde son derece ihtiyatl\u0131 davran\u0131rd\u0131. Amr b. Meymun \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201cAbdullah ile tam bir y\u0131l kald\u0131m. Bu m\u00fcddet i\u00e7inde onun \u2018Ras\u00fblullah buyurdu\u2019 dedi\u011fini duymad\u0131m. \u015e\u00e2yet b\u00f6yle bir s\u00f6ze ba\u015flarsa b\u00fct\u00fcn v\u00fccudu \u00fcrperir ve aln\u0131ndan terler akard\u0131.\u201d (\u0130bn Sa\u2019d, Tabakat, 111, 156).<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un talebelerine olan en b\u00fcy\u00fck nasihati ve vasiyeti; Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n hadislerini riv\u00e2yet ederken son derece dikkatli olmalar\u0131yd\u0131. O, talebelerine derdi ki: \u201cRas\u00fblullah\u2019dan bir s\u00f6z naklettiniz mi, o s\u00f6z\u00fcn n\u00fcb\u00fcvvet ve ris\u00e2let \u015fan\u0131na en l\u00e2y\u0131k, \u00fcmmetinin hid\u00e2yetine en faydal\u0131 ve takv\u00e2ya en uygun olan\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetiniz.\u201d (\u0130bn Hanbel, M\u00fcsned, I, 385).<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un, \u00e7ok ihtiyatl\u0131 davranmas\u0131na ve talebelerine de hadis riv\u00e2yeti konusunda s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 tembihlerde bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ondan \u00e7ok hadis riv\u00e2yet edilmi\u015ftir. \u00dcstelik o, \u00e7ok riv\u00e2yetiyle tan\u0131nan Muksirun* sah\u00e2b\u00eelerden biridir. Buna ra\u011fmen \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, mutlak hadis riv\u00e2yet etmez, onun riv\u00e2yetleri \u00e7o\u011funlukla Ras\u00fblullah\u2019dan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi farzlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan ve dini emirlerin kolayca anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan talimatlard\u0131r. Sahih hadis kitaplar\u0131 ve m\u00fcsnedlerde ondan riv\u00e2yet edilen hadislerin toplam\u0131 sekizy\u00fczk\u0131rksekizdir. Bunlar\u0131n altm\u0131\u015fd\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fc Buh\u00e2r\u00ee ve M\u00fcslim m\u00fc\u015ftereken riv\u00e2yet ederler. Ayr\u0131ca yirmibirini Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, otuzsekizini M\u00fcslim nakletmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019dan toplam seksen be\u015f, M\u00fcslim, toplam doksandokuz hadis riv\u00e2yet etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, f\u0131k\u0131h ilminin kurucular\u0131ndan olan fak\u00eeh sah\u00e2bilerden biridir. O, \u00f6zellikle Hanefi f\u0131kh\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6nce de belirtti\u011fimiz gibi, o, b\u00fct\u00fcn K\u00fbfe eyaletinin kad\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Onun i\u00e7indir ki \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, halka, f\u0131k\u0131h meselelerini ve i\u00e7tihadlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretir, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcr\u00e2acatlar\u0131n\u0131 cevaplar ve problemlerini h\u00e2llederdi. Irak k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e2limleri, \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019u rehber tan\u0131rlard\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc f\u0131k\u0131hta en \u00e7ok istif\u00e2de ettikleri zat oydu. Hz. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un ba\u015fl\u0131ca talebelerinden olan Alkame b. Kays ile Esved b. Yezid, \u00f6zellikle f\u0131k\u0131h ilmindeki derinlikleriyle \u015f\u00f6hret kazanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bunlardan sonra \u0130brahim enNah\u00e0\u00ee, K\u00fbfe fikh\u0131na geni\u015flik vermi\u015f ve Irak fak\u00eehi \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130brahim en-Nah\u00e2\u00ee\u2019nin b\u00fct\u00fcn dayana\u011f\u0131 \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un i\u00e7tihadlar\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un bu ilim hazinesi, en-Nah\u00e2\u00ee\u2019den, Hamm\u00e2d b. S\u00fcleyman\u2019a intik\u00e2l etmi\u015f, ondanda \u0130m\u00e2m-\u0131 A\u2019zam Eb\u00fb Han\u00eefe\u2019ye ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. \u0130m\u00e2m-\u0131 A\u2019zam bunlar\u0131 geni\u015fletmi\u015f, ilim ve ictihad\u0131yla yaym\u0131\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6ylece \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00e2leminin \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, bunlar\u0131n ilminden yararlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, k\u0131yas ile muas\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok problemlerini \u00e7\u00f6zm\u00fc\u015f, bu kaidenin yerle\u015fmesinde son derece b\u00fcy\u00fck hizmetlerde bulunmu\u015f ve b\u00f6ylece usul-u f\u0131k\u0131h ilminin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na, istinbat melekesinin kuvvetlenmesine b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131larda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, bu suretle k\u0131yas\u2019\u0131n en \u00f6nemli esaslar\u0131n\u0131 tesbit etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un bu \u00f6nemli f\u0131kh\u00ee g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve i\u00e7tihadlar\u0131 M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131 \u00e2lim Muhammed Ravv\u00e2s Kal\u2019aci taraf\u0131ndan \u201cMevs\u00fb\u2019atu F\u0131kh\u00ee Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud \u201d (Abdullah ibn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un F\u0131kh\u00ee Ansiklopedisi, Kahire 1984) ad\u0131yla toplanm\u0131\u015f ve ilim hayat\u0131na kazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hz. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un muas\u0131rlar\u0131 ondan bir\u00e7ok meselelerde faydalanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130mam Muhammed b. Hasan e\u015f-\u015eeyb\u00e2n\u00ee; \u201cAsh\u00e2b i\u00e7inde f\u0131k\u0131h meselelerinde derinlik sahibi olanlar Hz. Ali, Ubey b. Ka\u2019b, Ebu Musa el-E\u015f\u2019ari, Hz. \u00d6mer, Zeyd b. Sabit ve Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019tur\u201d der. \u0130mam Sa\u2019bi: \u201cHz. \u00d6mer, Zeyd b. Sabit ve Abdullah ibn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcmmetin ufkunu a\u00e7an f\u0131kh\u00ee meseleleri \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fcklerini if\u00e2de eder. Zaman\u0131m\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e2limleri Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019u b\u00fcy\u00fck fakih bilirlerdi. Hz. \u00d6mer onu g\u00f6rd\u00fck\u00e7e g\u00fcler: \u201cBu, ilimle dolu bir zatt\u0131r.\u201d derdi.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Abbas da, \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201cKur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck terc\u00fcman\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un ileri gelen talebelerinden biri Alkame b. Kays idi. Alkame, dima\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tazeli\u011fi, mal\u00fbmat\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi ile se\u00e7kindi. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, onun kendisinden daha \u00e7ok mal\u00fbmatl\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerdi:<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, K\u00fbfe\u2019de b\u00fct\u00fcn talebelerine Kur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019\u0131 Kerim, had\u00ees ve f\u0131k\u0131h okuturdu. Dersine devam edenler b\u00fcy\u00fck bir halka olu\u015ftururlard\u0131. Ondan ders okuyanlar aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015f\u00f6hret kazananlar da vard\u0131. Alkame, Me\u015fruk, Esved, Ab\u00eede, K\u00e2d\u0131 \u015e\u00fcreyh, Ebu V\u00e2il bunlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131rlar. Her biri b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e2lim olan bunlar aras\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle Alkame, daima \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019u hat\u0131rlatan bir sim\u00e2 olmu\u015ftu. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman talebelerinin \u00e7o\u011fu onunla beraber hareket ederler ve ona yolda\u015f olurlard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bir g\u00fcn Habb\u00e2b b. Eret, \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un son derece geni\u015f olan ders halkas\u0131na gelmi\u015f, oraya devam eden gen\u00e7lerin \u00e7oklu\u011fundan memnun olmu\u015f ve \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019a en liyakatli talebesini sormu\u015ftu. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud da Alkame\u2019yi g\u00f6stermi\u015fti. Hz. Habbab, Alkame ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve onun mal\u00fbmat\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011finden \u00e7ok derin bir zevk duymu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un talebeleri, kendisini derin bir i\u015ftiyakla dinlerler ve derslerini a\u015fk ve \u015fevkle al\u0131rlard\u0131. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca talebelerinden olan \u015eakik der ki: \u201cMescitte \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019u bekler, onun derse \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yolunu g\u00f6zetlerdik. Bir g\u00fcn biz b\u00f6yle bekle\u015firken Yezid b. Muaviye en-Nehai gelmi\u015f ve bize: \u2018Dilerseniz evine gidip bakay\u0131m, evdeyse al\u0131p getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fay\u0131m\u2019 demi\u015f ve gitmi\u015fti. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud gelmi\u015f, bize: \u2018Ben sizi b\u0131kt\u0131rmamak i\u00e7in gelmedim. Ras\u00fblullah bize vaazlar\u0131n\u0131 fas\u0131la ile verirdi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u0131kk\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa u\u011framam\u0131z\u0131 istemezdi.\u2019 demi\u015fti.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, s\u00fcnnet-i seniyye\u2019ye uygun bir ahl\u00e2k sahibiydi. O, ahl\u00e2k ve ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f tarz\u0131n\u0131 bizzat Ras\u00fblullah\u2019dan \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015fti. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n en yak\u0131n dostlar\u0131ndand\u0131. Her zaman Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131na girer, hizmetlerini g\u00f6r\u00fcr, ayakkab\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evirir, \u00f6n\u00fcnde y\u00fcr\u00fcr, y\u0131kanaca\u011f\u0131 zaman perde tutar \u00f6n\u00fcnde siper olurdu. Ras\u00fblullah ona, kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z bir m\u00fcsaade vermi\u015fti. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019a: \u201cHer zaman yan\u0131ma girebilirsin, ancak benim mani olaca\u011f\u0131m zamanlar hari\u00e7\u201d derdi. (\u0130bn Sa\u2019d, Tabakat, 111, 153-154). Bunun i\u00e7indir ki onun, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131 yeg\u00e2ne uyulacak insan bilmesi, onun her h\u00e2liyle h\u00e2llenmesi kadar tabii bir \u015fey olamaz. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, K\u00fbfe\u2019den ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2lde \u00fcn\u00fc orada uzun zaman ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f; herkes onun ilim ve irfan\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra takvas\u0131n\u0131, iffetini, g\u00fczel huylulu\u011funu, kalbinin rikkatini ve \u00f6vg\u00fcye de\u011fer ahl\u00e2k\u0131n\u0131 anmaya devam etmi\u015fti. Hz. Ali, K\u00fbfe\u2019ye gitti\u011fi zaman \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un \u00f6vg\u00fcye de\u011fer vas\u0131flarla an\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyduktan sonra onun Kur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019\u0131 Kerim\u2019e vuk\u00fbfunu, hel\u00e2li hel\u00e2l, haram\u0131 haram tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, dinde fakih ve s\u00fcnnette \u00e2lim oldu\u011funu il\u00e2ve etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, Ebu Umeyr ad\u0131nda bir dostunu ziyaret etmek \u00fczere \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, fakat evinde bulamayarak \u00e2ilesine sel\u00e2m g\u00f6ndermi\u015f ve kendisine bir miktar su verilmesini rica etmi\u015fti. Evin han\u0131m\u0131, hizmet\u00e7isini kom\u015fuya g\u00f6ndererek su istetmi\u015fti. Hizmet\u00e7i gecikti\u011fi i\u00e7in han\u0131m ona l\u00e2net okumu\u015ftu. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud han\u0131m\u0131n hizmet\u00e7iye l\u00e2net okudu\u011funu duymu\u015f ve evden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7\u0131karken dostu Ebu Umeyr ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ebu Umeyr \u201cYa Ebu Abdurrahman! Sen kendisinden kad\u0131nlar\u0131n k\u0131skan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 bir adam de\u011filsin, ni\u00e7in karde\u015finin han\u0131m\u0131na sel\u00e2m vererek i\u00e7erde oturmad\u0131n ve su i\u00e7medin?\u201d demi\u015fti. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un cevab\u0131: \u201c\u00d6yle yapt\u0131m fakat zevceniz ya su bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veyahut evdeki su k\u00e2fi gelmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in hizmet\u00e7iyi kom\u015fuya g\u00f6nderdi, hizmet\u00e7i ge\u00e7 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de ona l\u00e2net okudu. H\u00e2lbuki ben Ras\u00fblullah\u2019dan \u015fu s\u00f6zleri duydum: \u201cL\u00e2net kime g\u00f6nderilmi\u015fse ona gider, ona kaz\u0131lmak ister. \u015eayet buna bir yol bulamazsa: Ya Rabbi, beni falana g\u00f6nderdiler, kalkt\u0131m gittim, ona hul\u00fbl i\u00e7in bir yol bulamad\u0131m! \u015eimdi ne yapay\u0131m? der. Cenab-\u0131 Hak da ona: Nereden geldinse oraya d\u00f6n der. \u201d Onun i\u00e7indir ki, hizmet\u00e7inin bir mazereti olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm ve l\u00e2netin geri d\u00f6nmesinden korktum. Buna sebep olmak istemedim.\u201d<\/p>\n
Bir defas\u0131nda adam\u0131n biri vefat etmi\u015f ve hi\u00e7bir hayr\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmi\u015fti. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, bunu duyar duymaz, elinde bulunanlar\u0131 sadaka olarak vermi\u015fti. Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n Ash\u00e2b\u2019\u0131ndan bir\u00e7oklar\u0131, onun s\u00fcnnetine yap\u0131\u015fmakla b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015ferefe kavu\u015ftular. Fakat Abdullah \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, hi\u00e7bir zaman d\u00fcnyay\u0131 istemedi. O hep ahireti g\u00f6zetirdi. Hz. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, son derece misafirperverdi. K\u00fbfe\u2019de ik\u00e2met etti\u011fi s\u0131rada evi hi\u00e7 misafirsiz kalmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, namazlar\u0131n\u0131 vaktinde k\u0131lmaya o kadar riayet eder ki, bir kere Vali Velid b. Ukbe, K\u00fbfe mescidinde halk\u0131 bir s\u00fcre bekletmi\u015fti. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud hemen kalkarak, halka namaz\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Vali, buna \u00fcz\u00fclerek, ni\u00e7in b\u00f6yle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sormu\u015f ve \u201cM\u00fc\u2019min\u2019lerin emirinden bir buyruk mu ald\u0131n? Yoksa bir bid\u2019at m\u0131 icat ettin?\u201d demi\u015fti. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, ona \u015fu cevab\u0131 vermi\u015fti: \u201cBen, m\u00fc\u2019minlerin emirinden bir buyruk almad\u0131\u011f\u0131m gibi, bir bid\u2019at de icat etmedim. Fakat senin bir i\u015fin vard\u0131r, diye bizim de namaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 geciktirmene Allah raz\u0131 olmaz.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, Ramazan\u2019dan ba\u015fka \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00fcnler oru\u00e7 tutar, A\u015f\u00fbre* g\u00fcnlerini de oru\u00e7lu ge\u00e7irirdi. Abdurrahman b. Yezid der ki: \u201c\u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, g\u00fcnlerinin \u00e7o\u011funu oru\u00e7lu ge\u00e7irirdi. Oruca ve namaza devamdan ayr\u0131ca bir zevk al\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud, son derece k\u00fclfetsiz bir hayat s\u00fcrer, gayet basit yemeklerle beslenir, k\u00fclfetsizli\u011fi ve sadeli\u011fi hayat\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcst\u00fbru bilirdi. Talebesi Alkame, bu hususta \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud\u2019un harfiyen Ras\u00fblullah\u2019a uydu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. \u0130bn Mes\u2019ud; senelerce beyt\u00fc\u2019lm\u00e2l* idare etmi\u015f, bir g\u00fcn, bir dakika da olsa adalet ve insaftan ayr\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130LK M\u00dcSL\u00dcMANLARDAN Abdullah \u0130bn Mes’ud Ad\u0131 Abdullah, k\u00fcnyesi Abdurrahman\u2019d\u0131r. Babas\u0131 Mes\u2019ud, annesinin ad\u0131 \u00dcmm-i Abd\u2019dir. Babas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda fazla bir bilgi yoktur. Onun, Z\u00fchreo\u011fullar\u0131ndan Abd b. H\u00e2ris\u2019in m\u00fcttefiki oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Abdullah, Mekke\u2019nin fak\u00eeh \u00e2ilelerinden birine mensuptu. Gen\u00e7li\u011finde Ukbe b. Ebi Muayt\u2019\u0131n koyunlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcderek \u00e7obanl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Abdullah b. Mes\u2019ud Hz. Peygamber ile ilk tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[396],"tags":[899,900,898,901,902,903,904,905,906,907,908,909,910,911,912,913,914,915,916,917,918,919,920,921,922,874,923,924,925,926,927],"class_list":["post-718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sahabeler","tag-abdullah-ibn-mesud-kimdir","tag-abdullah-ibn-mesud-sahbabe","tag-abdullah-ibn-mesud","tag-din","tag-ebu-cehil-anlami","tag-ebu-cehil-hayati","tag-ebu-cehil-kimdir","tag-el-furkan","tag-habesistan","tag-habesistandan-medineye-hicret","tag-hz-ebu-bekir","tag-ibn-hanbel","tag-ibn-mesud","tag-ibn-mesud-hayati","tag-ibn-sad","tag-iman","tag-islam","tag-kiyamet-gunu","tag-kuran-i-kerim","tag-kureys","tag-kureys-musrikleri","tag-medineye-hicret","tag-muaz-b-cebel","tag-muaz-b-cebel-hayati","tag-musned","tag-sahabe-hayatlari","tag-tabakat","tag-ubey-b-kaab","tag-ukbe-b-ebi-muayt","tag-ukbe-b-ebi-muayt-hayati","tag-ukbe-b-ebi-muayt-kimdir"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/islamidavet.com\/cocuk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/islamidavet.com\/cocuk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/islamidavet.com\/cocuk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/islamidavet.com\/cocuk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/islamidavet.com\/cocuk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=718"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/islamidavet.com\/cocuk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/718\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/islamidavet.com\/cocuk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=718"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/islamidavet.com\/cocuk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=718"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/islamidavet.com\/cocuk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}